How steel endures in solar applications?

Solar energy's importance continues to surge as societies increasingly prioritise sustainability. Solar power promotes energy independence, especially in remote areas, and contributes to decentralisation, empowering communities to generate electricity. Innovations in technology continue to drive down solar panel costs, making solar energy more accessible to a broader range of consumers.

Thermo-solar systems: stainless steel hot water tanks and heat exchangers are known for their durability and hygienic properties, making them suitable for solar water heating.

• Tubing: steel tubing plays a pivotal role in solar tracker systems for solar panels. It is commonly used to construct the structural framework that supports the solar panels or collectors and enables the tracking mechanism. Carbon steel tubing is a preferred choice for solar panel mounts and trackers, as it is sturdy and long-lasting. Galvanised steel tubing is also popular, as it is highly resistant to corrosion and rust, making it a suitable option for outdoor and harsh weather environments.

• Solar-thermal panels: the use of stainless steel frames in solar panels is noted for their mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance, making them durable under various environmental conditions.

• Glazed and unglazed stainless steel panels: solar panel manufacturers in India offer glazed stainless steel cushion absorbers and unglazed roofing panels that integrate solar collection directly into building materials, providing both aesthetic and functional benefits.

• Photovoltaic systems: it covers the integration of flexible photovoltaic (PV) modules on stainless steel roofs, emphasising how stainless steel provides an ideal base for these installations due to its structural integrity and corrosion resistance.

• Solar concentrators: solar panel manufacturers in India make concentrated solar power systems using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight onto a small area, generating heat that can be converted into electricity. Structural steel is used in constructing these concentrators due to its strength and ability to maintain shape under high temperatures.

Alternative materials used in solar projects

In addition to steel, several alternative materials find application in solar projects, each with its unique set of characteristics and considerations:

• Aluminium: Aluminium is prized for its lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy-to-install properties. It is commonly used in solar panel frames and support structures due to its ability to endure outdoor conditions.

• Concrete: concrete offers robust structural support and stability. It's commonly used in ground-mounted solar installations where durability and strength are paramount. Concrete foundations provide a sturdy base for solar arrays, particularly in areas with challenging terrain or high wind conditions.

• Composite materials: composite materials, such as fibreglass-reinforced plastics (FRP), are gaining traction in the solar industry due to their lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and customisable properties. They offer versatility in design and can be tailored to specific project requirements.

Comparison of durability against steel

A. Corrosion susceptibility: steel is susceptible to corrosion, especially in harsh environmental conditions, but advancements in coatings and galvanisation techniques have significantly mitigated this issue. Aluminium is naturally corrosion-resistant due to its oxide layer, while concrete and composite materials also offer good resistance with proper sealing and maintenance.

B. Structural integrity over time: steel structures have demonstrated excellent long-term structural integrity, with proper maintenance ensuring their longevity. Aluminium structures also maintain their strength over time but may require more frequent inspections for signs of corrosion. Concrete offers exceptional durability, especially in ground-mounted installations, while composite materials' longevity depends on the specific formulation and environmental exposure.

C. Environmental impact and sustainability: steel and aluminium are highly recyclable materials, contributing to their sustainability profile. Concrete, while durable, has a higher carbon footprint due to its manufacturing process. Composite materials can have various environmental impacts depending on their composition and recycling capabilities.

Structural support, mounting systems, and custom fabrication allow steel to mould into various shapes and sizes, ensuring panels are securely positioned for optimal energy capture. Whether through adjustable tilt angles for seasonal efficiency or integration into building structures for seamless aesthetics, steel offers durability and scalability essential for solar installations. Its resilience against environmental stressors and low maintenance needs further solidify its role in advancing renewable energy initiatives, making steel a foundational element in the transition to sustainable power sources.